Activated Sludge Process - Sewage Treatment Plant Manufacturers

April 5, 2023
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Moving Bed Bio Reactor: Pros and Cons Explained

A rolling bed bioreactor is a biological sewage treatment technology. Many times, wastewater contains organic stuff that is difficult to extract physically or chemically. Hence, using a biological process is one of the best ways to deal with organic debris. The basic idea behind biological water treatment systems is to use microorganisms to break down sewage.

What exactly are a moving bed bioreactor?

A moving bed bioreactor is a biological process that combines the advantages of each of these technologies while minimizing their disadvantages.

Advantages

Decrease the time required for hydraulic retention (HRT)

The hydraulic retention time is the amount of time required by the bioreactor to process the wastewater influent effectively. Because of the combination of moving carriers and highly concentrated biofilm, HRT for these moving bed bioreactor systems is shorter than for others, often requiring only a few hours at most dependent on organic load.

Sludge generation has been reduced

One of the most important challenges when dealing with wastewater is the ensuing sludge from certain activities. Biological systems are no different. Yet, because MBBR is a fixed film system, no effluent is introduced, resulting in a lower sludge volume than in additive biological processes.

Requires less space

Because of the large inner surface area of the plastic carriers and the high bacterial concentration of the biofilm, moving bed bioreactor units are more compact and take up less room than alternative biological treatment systems.

Responds to variations in load without operator intervention.

Several alternative therapy approaches, biological or otherwise, need thorough monitoring for load variations in order to accurately adjust doses. When dealing with small swings, MBBR eliminates the need for this. The biofilm may self-adjust to tolerate different volumes, concentrations, or contaminants.

Effective increased sludge retention time (SRT)

Sludge retention time is the amount of time that a certain unit of biological medium is actively functioning within the bioreactor. Being a fixed film system, the SRT of MBBR is significantly longer than that of a suspended growth system in which the bio medium may be evacuated from the reactor at the outlet. A sludge recirculation line is required in such systems. A mesh screen at the outflow holds the plastic carriers in the moving bed bioreactor process, ensuring that no biofilm is lost.

Resistance to toxic shock

MBBR systems are resistant to toxic shock, which is an issue with alternative biological therapies, as well as being responsive to load adjustments. Although some wastewater pollutants can kill bacteria on biological medium, MBBR biofilms can adapt to and recover from such toxins.

Process performance without the use of a clarifier

In activated sludge systems, recirculated sludge is utilized to improve SRT. Nevertheless, if the clarifier’s separation fails, the return sludge may be of poor quality, impairing the reactor’s performance. This is not an issue in MBBR systems since recirculation is not necessary because the system is fixed film.

Improved settling characteristics

The effectiveness with which the reactor effluent settles in the clarifying tank can alter the quality of the treated water. This can be a problem in conventional biological treatment systems, but MBBR systems, with their combined fixed film and suspended medium properties, ensure that the solids settle off well, with no turbidity and low water content in the sludge.

Disadvantages

Manual bacterial monitoring is required.

Biological systems need more frequent monitoring than conventional therapies. You cannot just add a sensor in the tank to continuously monitor the bacteria in the bio medium. To ensure that the bacteria remain alive and healthy, operators must collect samples of the medium on a regular basis and physically evaluate them in a lab.

Requires a skilled operator

To monitor the bio media, the operators must be professionals in biological water treatment. Although the physical functioning of these systems is not overly complicated, the biological processes that occur are complex and require the involvement of professional staff to ensure optimal performance.

Conclusion

MBBR treatment systems combine some of the best features of the activated sludge process and trickling filters while avoiding some of their disadvantages, but they also have some of their own. Nonetheless, in some circumstances and applications, the advantages may exceed the disadvantages.

Netsol Water is a well-known company that provides exceptional wastewater, garbage, and water treatment solutions. All physical, chemical, and biological procedures, as well as MBBR, MBR, Activated Carbon, and Effluent Treatment, are available from us.

Please contact us at +91-9650608473 or enquiry@netsolwater.com for further information or to make a purchase.


February 28, 2023
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Top 10 Tips to Reduce BOD or TSS in Sewage Treatment

Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) are two of the most crucial parameters in wastewater treatment (BOD). You may already be aware of the significance of controlling your TSS and BOD for the following key factors:

  • TSS/BOD levels need to meet state environmental protection laws.
  • High TSS levels can hurt wildlife badly and make water tasteless or even harmful to human health.
  • High TSS levels can harm your wastewater equipment and affect its performance.
  • Aquatic life can be harmed or killed by high BOD.

Fortunately, there are some simple ways to maintain control over your BOD and TSS. The greatest techniques for minimizing BOD and TSS that facility managers should be aware of are as follows:

1. Focusing first on reducing TSS from wastewater.

TSS reductions usually always occur with BOD reductions. To remove large solids, start by using mechanical screens like roto-strainers or bar screens. Also, this will prevent blockage or damage to your downstream DAF (dissolved air flotation) equipment.

2. Obtain an EQ tank that is the right size.

Excessive amounts or underfeeding of flocculants and coagulants can result from changes in flow and loading rates. Your flow and loading rates will be more distributed equally with a properly sized EQ tank. Also, this will aid in the right sizing of the polymer make-down feeder, reducing your startup expenses.

3. Optimize the waste stream’s pH.

There is a certain pH range where effective wastewater treatment chemistry works at its maximum effectiveness. The polymer will be wasted or rendered useless if the pH moves up and down to either side of this window.

4. Add a plastic or stainless steel DAF plate pack that is the latest.

Your TSS removal rates will increase with a current plate pack DAF. Also, it will reduce the DAF’s footprint and give you more flow and load sensitivity latitude.

5. Utilize an air dissolution pump with a regenerative turbine.

An aeration pump with a regenerative turbine consumes minimal electricity to dissolve air in the water and create 20–30–micron air bubbles. They are essential for the effective treatment of DAF.

6. Purchase a DAF that self-cleans.

Around every two weeks, takedown and cleaning are needed for modern high-rate DAFs. Also, forgetting to clean it could result in blockage, issues with solids separation, increased chemical input rates and increased TSS. Choose a DAF that is self-draining and self-cleaning to save yourself a lot of work compared to cleaning it yourself. Cleanout valves or pumps are provided by properly built DAF systems to remove resistant, heavy, settled solids.

7. When possible, use liquid chemistry that has been performance-tested.

Liquid chemistry opens up a huge variety of treatment chemistries, removes wetting difficulties and fish eyes (clumps of undissolved polymer particles), and enables complete automation of the process at a reasonable cost. Also, switching products is considerably simpler than waiting or throwing away a palette of dry bag polymer when a drum or tote runs out.

8. Use a system for flow-proportional dosing and make-down.

You should still utilize a flow proportional dosing system to allow for flow cycling even if your EQ tank is the correct size. A flow metre with a 4-20 ma output signal to the chemical feed system is what you want to find. More consistency, better overall treatment removal, and less chemical use will result from this.

9. Find and test the appropriate chemical injection locations.

The coagulant should ideally be transfused initially, as far upstream as possible. In advance of the transfer pump, here is where the wastewater would exit the EQ tank. Fill a pot on the flocculation tube with the polymer. To determine the coagulant dose for pin floc production, a sample tap needs to be put in front of the polymer injection port. Prior to entering the DAF, a sample port downstream of the polymer injection port analyzes the efficiency of your chemicals. Before the effluent exits the DAF, you can then make modifications.

10. Require DAF equipment of the proper size.

The effects of chemical therapy are limited. Poor TSS removal rates and chemical treatment failure will come from a DAF or chemical feed equipment that is too small. The output and flow rates of organizations are constantly rising, so you need to size your equipment with future increases in mind. Many of these problems are the consequence of a breakdown in the operation or maintenance of the DAF equipment, not the chemical program.

Netsol Water is Greater Noida-based leading water & wastewater treatment plant manufacturer. We are the industry’s most demanding company based on client review and work quality. We are known as the best commercial RO plant manufacturersindustrial RO plant manufacturerssewage treatment plant manufacturersWater Softener Plant Manufacturers, and effluent treatment plant manufacturers. Apart from this 24×7 customer support is our USP. Call on +91-9650608473, or write us at enquiry@netsolwater.com for any support, inquiry, or product-purchase-related query.

 


February 18, 2023
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What is a Sewage Treatment Plant?

Sewage treatment plants are designed to treat and purify wastewater generated by households, industries, and commercial companies. The wastewater includes human and animal waste, food waste, cleaning products, and other contaminants.

The primary objective of a sewage treatment plant is to remove contaminants and pollutants from wastewater so that it can be safely disposed of or recycled for other uses. A sewage treatment plant typically consists of several stages, including primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment.

The primary treatment involves removing heavy solids and organic matter from the wastewater through a physical process such as sedimentation and screening. The secondary treatment is a biological process that includes removing the organic matter using microorganisms. The tertiary treatment, on the other hand, involves removing any remaining contaminants from the water through chemical or physical processes.

Sewage treatment plant manufacturers are essential to maintaining a clean and healthy environment. Untreated wastewater can have a significant impact on human health and the environment. It can lead to the spread of diseases, contaminate soil and water, and damage aquatic life.

Types of Sewage Treatment Plants

There are several types of sewage treatment plants, each with its own set of features and benefits. The most common types of sewage treatment plants include:

Activated Sludge Process (ASP)

The activated sludge process is the most commonly used sewage treatment plant. It involves introducing air into the wastewater to encourage the growth of microorganisms that break down organic matter. The process is effective in removing contaminants such as nitrogen and phosphorus.

The activated sludge process is widely used because it is effective in removing organic components and fertilizers from wastewater, and can be operated with a relatively small footprint. However, it can be energy-intensive due to the need for aeration and can also produce large amounts of excess sludge that require disposal or further treatment. As a result, modifications to the process, such as the use of advanced treatment technologies or the implementation of a sludge reduction program, may be necessary to optimize its performance and reduce its environmental impact.

Activated Sludge Process

Extended Aeration Process (EAP)

The extended aeration process is similar to the activated sludge process, but it involves a longer retention time. This allows the microorganisms to break down the organic matter more effectively, resulting in a higher quality of effluent.

The extended aeration process is known for its ability to produce high-quality effluent, even under variable or low wastewater flow conditions. It also typically requires less energy than other types of activated sludge processes, as the slower rate of microbial growth and longer aeration time results in less oxygen demand. However, the extended aeration process may require a larger footprint due to the larger aeration tank required and can produce more sludge than other processes, which may require additional handling and disposal.

Extended Aeration Process

Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR)

The sequential batch reactor is a batch process that involves alternating between anoxic and aerobic conditions. This process allows for the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from the wastewater.

SBRs can operate using either aerobic or anaerobic conditions, depending on the specific treatment needs. In the aerobic SBR, air is provided to the tank during the reaction phase to provide oxygen for the microorganisms. In the anaerobic SBR, the treatment occurs in the absence of oxygen, allowing anaerobic microorganisms to break down organic matter.

Sequential Batch Reactor

Membrane Bioreactor (MBR)

The membrane bioreactor combines biological treatment with membrane filtration to produce high-quality effluent. The process is efficient in removing solids and contaminants from the wastewater.

MBRs can use either submerged or external membrane filtration. Submerged MBRs place the membrane directly into the aeration tank, while in external MBRs, the membrane is placed in a separate tank and the mixed liquor is pumped through the membrane.

Membrane Bioreactor

Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR)

The moving bed biofilm reactor involves attaching biofilm to plastic carriers that move freely in the wastewater. The process is effective in removing organic matter and nitrogen from the wastewater.

In an MBBR, wastewater flows through a reactor tank containing the suspended biofilm carriers, which provide a surface for the growth of microorganisms. The aeration or mixing of the wastewater ensures that the biofilm carriers are constantly moving and in contact with the wastewater, which promotes the growth of the microorganisms on their surface.

As the wastewater flows through the reactor, the microorganisms on the biofilm carriers consume organic matter, converting it into biomass and other byproducts. The treated wastewater is then discharged, while the biofilm carriers are recycled back to the reactor tank.

Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor

Sewage Treatment Plant Manufacturers – Expert Solutions for Your Wastewater Treatment Needs

Choosing the right sewage treatment plant manufacturer is essential to ensure the quality and efficiency of the plant. Here are some of the top sewage treatment plant manufacturers:

Netsol Water

Netsol Water  Top Most leading Sewage Treatment Plant Manufacturer in India, starts manufacturing new wastewater machines –  Sewage Treatment Plant 5kld5kld packaged STP, Sewage Treatment Plants, and Zero Liquid Discharge Plants to safeguard “ Mother Earth Resources ”  – Save Water Now !!!
Netsol Water is always ready to solve problems and fulfill the expectations of our clients through the Netsol research wing. For this time we’re ready by Adopting and enhance the Best European Technology for “Compact STP”, And Launch a new Product Named- “Compact Sewage Treatment Plant“. This is for those Households, Hotel, Resorts, Farmhouses, and Schools who have low spaces or want a compact wastewater treatment plant at their place which take a low space and works efficiently & effectively.

Factors to consider when choosing a sewage treatment plant manufacturer

Urban STP plant

Urban STP Plant Top Most driving Conservative Sewage Treatment Plant Producer in India, begins fabricating other wastewater machines – Smaller Sewage Treatment Plant 5kld, 5kld bundled STP, Sewage Treatment Plants, and Zero Fluid Release Plants to shield ” Mother Earth Assets ” – Save Water Now.

Sewage Treatment Plants

We are the Sewage Treatment Plants (A Unit of Netsol Group & Research), having the best solution by STP Plant Manufacturer for waste and wastewater treatment. Since our establishment in the year 2012, we are one of the most trusted partners for waste management solutions. And integrated service providers of design, fabrication, installation, and maintenance services. With our years of expertise, we are the leading service provider for solutions, testing, monitoring, analysis, and recommended corrective actions in the field of waste and wastewater solutions.
We are the best solution provider for treating sludge and industrial effluent to save water as well as to save mother earth.

With our best innovation of Green Waste Converter Machine, we are daily converting thousands of kilo composite by treating Green and organic waste.

Factors to consider when choosing a sewage treatment plant manufacturer

Choosing a sewage treatment plant manufacturer is a decision that should be taken seriously. It is important to choose a manufacturer that provides quality products and services. Here are some factors to consider when choosing a sewage treatment plant manufacturer:

Experience: It is important to choose a manufacturer that has been in the industry for a significant amount of time. An experienced manufacturer is likely to provide better products and services.

Reputation: A good reputation is a clear indication of a manufacturer’s ability to deliver quality products and services. You can check the manufacturer’s website for customer reviews and testimonials.

Quality of products: The quality of products is a critical factor to consider. It is important to choose a manufacturer that provides high-quality products that meet your specific needs.

Customer service: Good customer service is important in any business. Choose a manufacturer that provides excellent customer service and is always available to answer your questions and address any concerns.

Price: The cost of the products and services is a significant factor to consider when choosing a manufacturer. It is important to choose a manufacturer that provides quality products and services at a reasonable price.

Why Choose Us?

We are one of the top manufacturers of sewage treatment plants in India, with years of experience and a track record of providing dependable and effective solutions to our customers. All sizes and capacities of sewage treatment plants can be designed, installed, and maintained by our team of professionals due to their technical skills and knowledge.

We offer a wide range of solutions, including:

  • Traditional sewage treatment plants
  • Packaged sewage treatment plants
  • Membrane bioreactor (MBR) plants
  • Sequential batch reactor (SBR) plants
  • Extended aeration (EA) plants
  • Moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) plants

All our solutions are designed to meet the highest quality standards and are backed by excellent after-sales service and technical support.

FAQs about sewage treatment plant manufacturers

What is a sewage treatment plant?

A sewage treatment plant is a facility that processes and treats wastewater to remove contaminants and produce clean water that can be safely discharged into the environment.

Why is it important to choose a reputable sewage treatment plant manufacturer?

Choosing a reputable sewage treatment plant manufacturer ensures that you receive high-quality products and services that meet your specific needs.

What are the different types of sewage treatment plants?

The different types of sewage treatment plants include conventional sewage treatment plants, package sewage treatment plants, and mobile sewage treatment plants.

How long do sewage treatment plants last?

Sewage treatment plants can last for up to 20-30 years, depending on the quality of the products and the maintenance practices.

What factors should I consider when choosing a sewage treatment plant?

The factors to consider when choosing a sewage treatment plant include the size and capacity of the plant, the quality of the products, the reputation of the manufacturer, and the cost of the products and services.

Sewage Treatment Plant Manufacturer in India
Sewage Treatment Plant Manufacturer in India

 


February 3, 2023
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The Actuated Sludge (AS) process is as of now the most broadly utilized biological wastewater treatment process in the world.

Since its conception in the late nineteenth hundred years and resulting improvement into a full-scale process in 1913 by Arden and Lockett at the Davyhulme sewage treatment works in Manchester, the essential cycle has been broadly taken on and further created providing it with an exceptional adaptability of activity.

Activated Sludge Process and Types for Wastewater Treatment: Everything You Need to Know

In the Activated Sludge Process (ASP) for wastewater treatment, microorganisms, including microbes, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, are utilized to accelerate the decomposition of organic matter requiring oxygen for treatment.

In this Activated Sludge Process (ASP), microorganisms are totally blended in with organics under conditions that stimulate their growth, and waste materials are eliminated. As the microorganisms grow and are blended by the agitation of the air, the individual microorganisms cluster and flocculate together to shape a mass of organisms called activated sludge.

Activated Sludge Meaning

The Activated Sludge name and meaning start from the process it includes the development of an initiated mass of microorganisms equipped for vigorously settling the organic content of wastewater, subsequently, it is “activated”.

Conventional Activated Sludge System in Water & Sewage Treatment

An ordinary activated sludge system for sewage treatment incorporates:

  • The aeration tank where the biological responses occur;
  • An aeration source that gives oxygen, mixing and blending;
  • A tank, known as the clarifier, where solids settle and are isolated from treated wastewater;
  • A collecting means for the solids either to return to the aeration tank, returned activated sludge, or eliminate from the process (waste-activated sludge).

A total complete system for sewage treatment incorporates chlorinators, holding tanks, pumps, and a control system that screens the treatment effectiveness.

Activated Sludge Plant Components and Design

The Activated Sludge Plant (ASP) comprises a balance bowl, PST, an aeration tank, an secondary settling tank (SST), and a sludge reuse line.

Feed wastewater is homogenized in an equalization basin to reduce varieties in the feed, which might cause process upsets of the microorganisms and reduce water treatment effectiveness.

In the aeration tank, the aerobic bacterial population is kept up in suspension in the blended liquor and oxygen, as well as supplements are given. Oxygen is provided either by mechanical or diffused aeration, which additionally helps with keeping the microbial population in suspension. The blended liquor is consistently released from the aeration tank into a secondary clarifier in a wastewater and sewage treatment system.

Efficient & Effective Activated Sludge Process Design

The Activated Sludge process offers proficient and effective removal of BOD, COD, and supplements when designed professionally and worked appropriately. The actual process has flexibility and various modifications can be custom-made to meet specific requirements (for example for nitrogen removal).

Activated sludge is a complex mix of microbiology and biochemistry including a wide range of kinds of microorganisms. In the Activated Sludge Plant (ASP) microbes, bacteria secrete sticky substances that coat the minute particles conveyed in sewage. The particles remain together to shape flocs of a gel-like material, making help on, and in which, organisms exist. This is the brown-colored activated sludge.

The activated sludge is circulated to dissolve oxygen which permits the organic matter (BOD) to be used by the microbes. The organic matter, or food, adheres to the activated sludge. The oxygen dissolved in the water allows the microbes to utilize the food (BOD) and furthermore to change the ammonia to nitrate. The activated sludge tank should be big enough to allow sufficient contact time (retention time) between the sewage and the activated sludge for every one of the chemical changes to take place.

Return Activated Sludge (RAS)

The settled biomass, called Return Activated Sludge (RAS), is then returned to the start of the aeration process where it will retain new sewage to begin the interaction in the process again. This enables the process to operate as a continuous cycle.

At the point when the Activated Sludge reaches the finish of the process it is as yet an exceptionally active biomass, however, is currently blended in with purified effluent. It is moved to Settlement Tanks (Secondary Clarifiers) to permit separation from the purified effluent which might be released to the river or to some type of tertiary treatment.

Surplus Activated Sludge (SAS)

The Surplus Activated Sludge (SAS) is wasted by constantly pulling out a portion of the RAS for sludge disposal.

As a matter of fact, as the RAS mixing in with the new sewage will produce a slow development in the activated sludge present it is necessary to waste a certain quantity each day.

Activated Sludge Types

There are nine types of activated sludge processes:

  1. Tapered Aeration
  2. Step Aeration
  3. High-Rate Treatment or Modified Aeration
  4. Two Stage Aeration
  5. Activated Aeration
  6. Reaeration
  7. Contact Stabilization
  8. Complete Mix
  9. Extended Aeration Method

 

1- Tapered Aeration or Controlled Aeration

Tapered aeration is also called controlled aeration. Assuming examples are gathered at different places in the aeration units, it will be observed that the BOD of the mixing liquor isn’t uniform all through; it is most extremely close to the channel and least close to the power source. Because of this explanation on the off chance that the diffused air is applied at a uniform rate, it can’t be used as expected.

2- Step Aeration

Assuming that the sewage is added to the returned sludge at multiple focuses along the aeration channel, the load coming on the returned sludge is changing. In the past article, it has been expressed that the BOD of the mixed liquor is different at various places.

3- High-Rate Treatment or Modified Aeration

In the high-rate treatment (or Modified Areation) technique, less quantity of returned sludge is used, consequently, it is called high-rate treatment. In high-rate treatment shorter detention period (2 hours), a lesser amount of packed air, and a small amount of returned sludge are used.

4- Two-Stage Aeration

In two-stage aeration, the sewage is permitted to flow in a couple of aeration and sedimentation units. The activated sludge is either returned for the purpose of cultivating or excess sludge from the second stage is again sent off the first cycle from which both of it and the excess of the first stage are mixed with influent.

5- Activated Aeration

It is a combination of two tapered activated sludge plants equal involving similarly settled sewage as influent. The inordinate activated sludge of one plant is used as seed for another plant, which is called activated aeration.

6- Reaeration

In this technique, the minimum aeration of sewage is finished in the wake of adding returned sludge to it. To fulfill the BOD reaeration of returned sludge is finished prior to mixing it in with the sewage. On the off chance that the reaeration is finished in advance of the trickling filter, it is called bio aeration.

7- Contact Stabilization

The contact adjustment is also called biosorption. In this process, sewage might be dealt with either after primary settling or without primary settling. The sewage is aerated through alongside return sludge for a comparatively short period of 0.5 to 1.5 hrs. when the sludge absorbs the organic matter in the sewage.

The mixed liquor is then settled in a secondary settling tank. The return part of the sludge removed from the settling tank is reaerated in a different sludge reaeration tank for a time of 3-6 hrs. before it is taken care of once more into the contact aeration tank. During the reaeration of the sludge, the absorbed organics are settled restoring the adsorptive capacity of the sludge.

8- Complete Mix

The complete mix-activated sludge process utilizes a totally mixed flow system. In a rectangular tank, complete mixing is achieved by distributing the sewage and the return sludge consistently along one side of the tank and withdrawing the aerated sewage, consistently along the opposite side. In the case of a round or square tank, complete mixing is achieved by a mechanical aerator with adequate mixing capacity installed at the center of the tank.

9- Extended Aeration Method

The flow plan of the extended aeration process and its mixing system are like that of the total mixing process. The oxidation ditch likewise adjusts to the drawn-out aeration guideline and depends on aeration through the mixing of liquor in an endless ditch. Primary settling is discarded in the drawn-out extended aeration method, however, condemnation is often provided for screenings.


January 9, 2023
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The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Environmental Change has advised the updated CPCB Guidelines for Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) working at different industrial clusters in the country. The primary point of the revised standards is to minimize water contamination. These standards were finalized after extensive consultations with industries and different partners and detailed deliberations with the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). The changed norms were notified on January 1, 2016. The changed norms will help fundamentally work on the performance of CETPs through the implementation of design inlet quality, resolving the issues of coastal pollution because of industrial discharges, and keeping a close watch on the effect of the release of industrial effluent on soil and groundwater quality.

The Guidelines given for CETP by CPCB Guidelines for Common Effluent Treatment Plants are as per the following:

CPCB Guidelines for Common Effluent Treatment Plants

1- The Centre has advised the revised standards for Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) working at different industrial groups in the country with an aim to minimize water contamination.

2- The Environment Ministry notified the norms which were concluded after broad counsel with industries and other partners and point-by-point thoughts with the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).

3- “The Environment Ministry has notified the revised standards for Common Effluent Treatment Plants (CETPs) working at different industrial groups in the country. The primary point of the revised standards is to minimize water contamination,” an official statement said today, adding that the revised standards were notified on January 1.

4- The revised standards will help in essentially working on the performance of CETPs through the implementation of design inlet quality, addressing the issues of coastal contamination because of industrial discharges.

5- It will also help in further improving the CETP’s performance by close watch on the effect of the discharge of industrial effluent on soil and groundwater quality.

6- Under the revised standards, an provision of soil and groundwater quality checking two times per year (pre-and post-monsoon) has been introduced.

7- This has been introduced with a concentrate on the effect of removal of treated effluent on land, in case of the method of removal is ‘on land for irrigation’ and the monitoring will be done by the separate CETP management.

8- “The method of ‘Discharge into the ocean’ (marine outfalls) giving extremely high dilution will qualify all requirements for a relaxed maximum permissible concentration of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD).

9- “The maximum permissible concentration of Fixed Dissolved Solids (FDS) by constituent units to CETP has been determined as far as maximum admissible contribution value,” the statement added.

10- Status report by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) consistent with the National Green Court order May 21, 2020, in Original Application No. 593/2017 (Paryavaran Suraksha Samiti and Others Vs Union of India and Others) with Original Application No. 148/2016 (Mahesh Chandra Saxena Vs South Delhi Municipal Corporation and Others).

11- The report of September 16, 2020, contained the state-wise consistency status of all industries generating trade effluent and requiring effluent treatment plants (ETP) – as reported by the state pollution control board (SPCB)/pollution control committee (PCC). According to the information got from SPCBs/PCCs:

  • Out of a total 64,484 number of industries requiring ETPs, 62,653 industries are working with functional ETPs and 1,831 industries are working without ETPs.
  • 61,530 industries are complying with environmental norms and 1,123 industries are noncomplying.
  • There are a complete 191 CETPs, out of which 129 CETPs are agreeing with environmental standards and 62 CETPs are non-complying.
  • There is a total of 15,730 STPs (including municipal and other than municipal (non-municipal/independent) STPs), out of which, 15,200 STPs are agreeing with environmental guidelines and 530 STPs are non-complying.
  • There are 84 CETPs in the construction/proposal stage, whereas, for STPs, 1,081 tasks (municipal and non-municipal) are under the construction/proposal stage.

The report also contained an assessment of the effect of the lockdown on the water quality of major rivers. During the pre-lockdown period  (March 2020), SPCBs gathered samples from 388 locations through 366 samples from the checking locations during lockdown (April 2020) from 19 major rivers, and collected samples were analyzed for Primary Water Quality Measures for Washing Water Quality Standards notified under the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986.

CPCB Common Effluent Treatment Plant

CPCB Common Effluent Treatment Plant

CPCB Common Effluent Treatment Plant


January 6, 2023
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According to the legal guidelines for Sewage Treatment Plants given by CPCB, different infrastructures like Apartments, Commercial Development Projects, Educational Institutions, Municipalities, and Area Advancement Undertakings meeting specific models need to introduce STPs for the treatment of sewage that they produce, and every sewage treatment plant manufacturers have to follow it.

The guideline rules cover angles in regards to the area of STPs, the STP technology to take on, working as well as its maintenance to guarantee effective and safe activity of the machinery.

The Guidelines given for STPs by CPCB Guidelines for Sewage Treatment Plants are as per the following:

CPCB Guidelines for Sewage Treatment Plants

1. The Technology of STP

The approved STP technologies to go with are-

  1. Activated Sludge Process (ASP) (just when over 500 KLD sewage is generated).
  2. Membrane Bio Reactor (MBR)
  3. Moving Bed Bio Reactor (MBBR)

2. Unit Requirements of STP

STPs have different individual units where different sewage treatment processes happen. The units and their criteria according to the guideline’s prerequisite are as per the following.

SNo. Unit Activated Sludge Process (ASP) Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) Membrane Bio Reactor (MBR) Moving Bed Bio Reactor (MBBR)
1 Equalization Tank Should have a minimum holding period of 8 hours Same as ASP Same as ASP Same as ASP
2 Anoxic Tank Return activated sludge should be pumped to anoxic tank for denitrification. Not Required Same as ASP Same as ASP
3 Aeration Tank Dissolved Oxygen in an excess of 4 mg/L has to be maintained in the Aeration Tank. Same as ASP Same as ASP Same as ASP
4 Membrane Tank Not Required Not Required Membranes should be replaced regularly as per its manufacturer’s specifications Not Required
5 Sludge Holding Tank Sludge holding should be madatoriliy provided for holding excess sludge before its dewatering. Same as ASP Same as ASP Same as ASP
6 Final Treated Water Holding Tank Capacity of the tank should be enough to hold water for 2 days minimum. Same as ASP Same as ASP Same as ASP
7 Sludge Drying Bed Instead of sludge drying bed, horozontal centrifuge system should be used for >500KLD STPs.

 

For <500 KLD STPs, belt press or screw press system should be used.

Same as ASP Same as ASP Same as ASP

3. Mechanical Equipment Requirement for STP

There should be a clear and simple access to the Bar Screen Chamber and Oil and Grease Chamber of STPs introduced. Likewise, the supplies should to be of the submersible sort with a simple removal/it is expected to destroy choice at whatever maintenance is required.

Air blowers of STP should to have Vibration mounts and acoustic fenced-in areas to diminish noise pollution.

4. Location of STP

STP should to be situated under the driveway, play area, or clubhouses, and distant from the residential housings to not make any subtlety individuals living.

Additionally, STP should not be installed in that basement of any structure or building. Admittance to the STP room should to be from Ground Level or Upper Basement through all around designed walkways or headroom, and not from the lowest basement to stay away from subtleties that might occur because of rain flooding, smell or sound.

5. Treated Sewage Standards

The sewage treated should meet the following standards.

S NO. Parameter Required Standards
1 pH 6.5-8.5
2 BOD(5th Day) <10mg/l
3 COD <50mg/l
4 Suspended Solids <10mg/l
5 Ammonical Nitrogen <5mg/l
6 Total Nitrogen <5mg/l
7 Fecal Coliform <100MPN/100ml

6. Guidelines for installing sensors

It’s compulsory to introduce sensors for observing sewage parameters like BOD, COD, TSS, stream, and pH.

The CPCB suggested sensor types with their correspondence conventions are as per the following.

S. No. Parameter Measurement Type Sensor Type Communication Type
1 pH Inline Ion Selective Glass Electrodes RS 485 Communication with Modbus
2 TSS Inline Turbidity to TSS correlation with

Nephelometric technique

RS 485 Communication with Modbus
3 BOD Inline UV-Vis Spectrophotometry

& combustion(Double beam

with entire spectrum scanning

RS 485 Communication with Modbus
4 COD Inline UV-Vis Spectrophotometry

& combustion(Double beam

with entire spectrum scanning

RS 485 Communication with Modbus
5 Flow Inline Electromagnetic Flow Measurement RS 485 Communication with Modbus

 

7. Caution Board at STP

Legitimate preventative billboards should to be displayed and security conventions should to be followed at the STP locations.

“Danger” Sign Sheets should to be introduced at the STP area for the maintenance personals and general public. What’s more “water not well for drinking” should to likewise be featured at the taps conveying sewage water.

8. Use of Treated Sewage

The treated water should to be compulsorily utilized for toilet flushing purposes that should to have a double pipes system.

9. Modular Operations of STPs

Modern activity of STPs suggests that the STP should to be created/developed in smaller units so it tends to be utilized according to the heap or inhabitance of individuals. In huge tasks where a higher limit of STPs required, the inhabitance in the underlying stages can’t meet the functional measures of the STP Plants. Thus, the component should to be viewed as in the plan stage itself.

 


Greater Noida

Headquarters

We are the leading Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) Manufacturer & Supplier, in the Delhi-Noida, India.
+ 91-9650608473

www.netsolwater.com

info@sewagetreatmentpalnts.in

LOCATIONS

We Are Everywhere in India & Overseas.




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